The following important items were presented in FactSage 8.3.

• In FactSage 8.4 the total number of stored phase diagrams has been increased by over ***.

  - UNDER CONSTRUCTION

  - to be completed only when all databases and their files are finished.

  

• What's New in View Data - 'View Data > Help > What's New in View Data ...'

  The link What's New in View Data has been updated and gives a summary of the more important programming changes in View Data that have appeared since FactSage 6.1 (2009) until now FactSage 8.4 (2025). The new FactSage 8.4 database FTionx (see below) contains compounds with virtual elements Qa, Qb ... View Data has been modified so that the 'Summary' drop down menu can list the species by virtual element. For more details click Virtual Elements The virtual elements provide a useful means of applying constraints to certain equilibrium calculations as presented in Virtual Elements - Equilib and Virtual Elements - Phase Diagram.

  ViewData of the FTionx compound database with the 'Summary' drop down menu listing the species with virtual elements. .

• What's New in Equilib - 'Equilib > Reactants Window > Help > What's New in Equilib ...'

  The link What's New in Equilib has been updated and gives a summary of the more important programming changes in Equilib that have appeared since FactSage 6.1 (2009) until now FactSage 8.4 (2025).

Add-ons Menu

Add-ons are not part the regular FactSage package but rather are additional Apps that are offered for free to users who have current Maintenance and Service, M&S. Access to the Add-ons is only available while the M&S is valid. That is, access to the Add-ons will not be available when the M&S has expired, although a grace period of a few months may be added.

For detailed information refer to Add-ons, apps and shortcuts in FactSage 8.4 . In FactSage 8.4 the Add-ons Menu has been expanded with new process simulation packages: FactFlow process simulator package FactProSim process simulator package

The following new options have recently been added to Data Search Window.

Import TDB databases - this option, introduced in FactSage 8.3, enables you to import a Thermochemical Database (TDB) format database to the 'List of databases' posted in the Data Search Window. Private databases in \PRIVDATA - this option, introduced in FactSage 8.3, applies to all private compound (*.cdb) and solution (*.sln,*.fdb) databases that are stored in the \PRIVDATA folder (typically c:\FactSage\PRIVDATA). These databases are automatically registered and added to the 'List of databases' posted in the Data Search Window. The old manual way is still available (click 'Add/Remove Data > Add > filename etc.') but storing the files in the \PRIVDATA folder avoids performing this manual task. FTionx databases - this option, new in FactSage 8.4, offers FTionx - the new FACT Ionic Organics Databases

• FactPS is the compound database for use with the FACT 8.4 databases (FToxid, FTsalt, etc.).

• In FactPS the following 165 new compounds have been added :

  C7H10NBr, C7H10NCl, C7H13N2PF6, C8H15N2Cl, C8H15N3O3, C8H18NPF6, C9H14NBr, C9H14NCl, C9H14NPF6, C9H18N2SO3, C9H20NBF4, C9H20NBr, C9H20NCl, C9H20NPF6, Ca2SnO4, Ca3SnSi2O9, CaSnO3, CaSnSiO5, Co11Ce24, Co13La, Co17Ce2, Co17Dy2, Co17Er2, Co17Gd2, Co17Ho2, Co17La20, Co17Lu2, Co17Nd2, Co17Pr2, Co17Pr20, Co17Sm2, Co17Tb2, Co17Tm2, Co17Y2, Co17Yb2, Co19Ce5, Co19La5, Co19Nd5, Co19Pr5, Co19Sm5, Co2Ce, Co2Dy, Co2Er, Co2Gd, Co2Ho, Co2Lu, Co2Nd, Co2Nd5, Co2Pr, Co2Pr5, Co2Sc, Co2Sm, Co2Sm5, Co2Tb, Co2Tm, Co2Y, Co2Yb, Co3Ce, Co3Dy, Co3Dy4, Co3Er, Co3Er4, Co3Gd, Co3Gd4, Co3Ho, Co3Ho4, Co3La2, Co3Lu, Co3Lu4, Co3Nd, Co3Nd2, Co3Nd4, Co3Pr, Co3Pr4, Co3Sm, Co3Tb, Co3Tb4, Co3Tm, Co3Tm4, Co3Y, Co3Y2, Co3Y4, Co3Yb, Co5Ce, Co5Dy, Co5Er, Co5Gd, Co5Ho, Co5La, Co5Nd, Co5Pr, Co5Sm, Co5Tb, Co5Tm, Co5Y, Co5Y8, Co7Ce2, Co7Dy12, Co7Dy2, Co7Er12, Co7Er2, Co7Gd2, Co7Ho12, Co7Ho2, Co7La2, Co7Nd2, Co7Pr2, Co7Sm2, Co7Tb12, Co7Tb2, Co7Tm2, Co7Y2, Co7Y6, CoDy3, CoEr3, CoGd3, CoHo3, CoLa3, CoLu3, CoNd3, CoPr3, CoSc, CoSc2, CoSc3, CoSm3, CoTb3, CoY, CoY3, Fe4Si2Sn7O16, Gd12Co7, K2Cr2O7, K2Fe12O19, K2FeO2, K2FeSi3O8, K2FeSi5O12, K2FeSiO4, K2Hg3Cl8, K2HgCl4, K2Mo2O7, K2MoO4, K2S2O7, K3Na(MoO4)2, K4Fe4Si3O14, K4FeO3, KFe11O17, KFeSi2O6, KFeSi3O8, KFeSiO4, KHg7Cl15, KHgCl3, Mg2SnO4, MgSnO3, Na14Zr2Si10O31, Na2Cr2O7, Na2HgCl4, Na2Mo2O7, Na2S2O7, Na2ZrO3, Na2ZrSi2O7, Na2ZrSi4O11, Na2ZrSiO5, Na3ClMoO4, Na4Zr2Si3O12, Sn3O4, Zn2SnO4.

• In FactPS the following 12 compounds have been updated:

  AlB2, AlB12, Al4C3, Al3BC, Al8C7B4, K2CrO4, K2PbCl4, KPb2Cl5, Hg2Cl2, Na2MoO4, Na2CrO4, PbCl2.

  The FactPS 8.4 exclusion file has been updated. The file is consulted when a given compound is listed in more than one database. For example MgSnO3, Mg2SnO4, Na2S2O7, ... (see above) are oxides that have been added to FactPS 8.4 and these compounds are also stored in FToxid. When FactPS and FToxid databases are selected, if a user selects say all solids in the Equilib Menu Window, the exclusion file will avoid a duplicate selection by only selecting the FToxid compounds. This is a simple example with oxides where the selection priority is obvious.

  But when more than one FACT compound database is selected and it involves say metals, alloys, oxides, salts, etc. there is a priority among competing databases that may not be not so evident. This is where the exclusion file plays an important role in avoiding the duplicate selection of compounds.

  In FactPS 8.4 there are 91 elements with a total of 5203 compounds (was 5038 in 8.3) and 7373 phases (was 7167).

• FTdemo is the name for the old FACT Slide Show database developed around 2001. Although FTdemo is part of FACT Package of Databases, it is for demonstration calculations only. It should be used only for teaching - for example with the Slide Shows.

• For calculations where the results are important, you must NOT use the FTdemo database. Use the FactPS compound database and the FToxid, FTsalt, etc. databases. For detailed information on the FactPS, FToxid, FTsalt, etc. databases go to the FactSage Main Menu and click on Documentation.

The FToxid databases contain data for pure oxides and oxide solutions of over 20 elements as well as for dilute solutions of S, SO4, PO4, H2O/OH, CO3, F, Cl and I in the molten (slag) phase. FToxid 8.4 is included in the FACT 8.4 package of databases.

In FactSage 8.4 the updates to FToxid include the following:

• New optimizations of K+Fe containing systems:
  K2O-FeO-Fe2O3-Al2O3-SiO2

• New optimizations of Sn-containing systems:
  SnO-SnO2 + MgO-CaO-FeO-Fe2O3-Al2O3-SiO2, SnO-SnO2-SiO2-ZnO, SnO2-ZrO2-TiO2

• New optimizations of Zr+Na containing systems:
  ZrO2-Na2O-CaO-Al2O3-SiO2

• Two new solid solutions have been added to the database:
  (Zr,Ti,Sn)O2 orthorhombic solution and Sn-spinel

• Several other solid solutions have been expanded:
  Nepheline (KFeSi3O8 added); Leucite (KFeSi2O6 added); high-T Kalsilite (KFeSiO4 added); high-T and low-T KAlO2-K2MgSiO4 solutions (KFeO2 added); Rutile and Corundum (SnO2 added); cubic, tetragonal amd monoclinic ZrO2 (SnO2 and TiO2 added)

• 25 new stoichiometric compounds have been added and a few others have been modified.

Complete details on FToxid 8.4 including all the phase diagrams are given in the updated Documentation in the FactSage Main Menu Window.

The FTsalt databases contain data for pure salts and salt solutions of 29 main cations:

Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Mn, Al, Fe(II), Fe(III), Co, Ni, Zn, Pb, La, Ce, Th, U(III), U(IV), Pu(III), Pu(IV), Cr(II), Cr(III), Mo(V), Hg, Hg₂

and 15 main anions:

F, Cl, Br, I, NO₂, NO₃, ClO₄, OH, CO₃, SO₄, S₂O₇, CrO₄, Cr₂O₇, MoO₄, Mo₂O₇ as well as for dilute solutions of O2- and OH- in the molten salt phase.

In FactSage 8.4 the updates to FTsalt include the following

• In the compound FTsalt database new compounds Na₂S₂O₇, K₂S₂O₇(s₁,s₂), Na₂Cr₂O₇(s₁,s₂), K₂Cr₂O₇(s₁,s₂), Na₂MoO₄(s₁,s₂,s₃,s₄), Na₂Mo₂O₇(s₁,s₂), K₂MoO₄(s₁,s₂,s₃), K₂Mo₂O₇(s₁,s₂), Na₃ClMoO₄, K₃Na(MoO₄)₂, Na₂HgCl₄, KHgCl₃, K₂HgCl₄, K₂Hg₃Cl8 and KHg₇Cl₁₅ have been added and existing compounds Na₂CrO₄, K₂CrO₄, PbCl₂, K₂PbCl₄, KPb₂Cl₅ and Hg₂Cl₂ have been modified. In addition compressibility expressions (as a function of temperature) have been added for the following pure liquid salts: BeCl₂, BeF₂, SrF₂, BaF₂, CaBr₂, SrBr₂, BaBr₂, MgI₂, CaI₂, SrI₂, BaI₂, Rb₂CO₃, Cs₂CO₃, NaNO₂, KNO₂, Rb₂SO₄, and Cs₂SO₄.

  Also, compressibility expressions (as a function of temperature) have been modified for the following pure liquid salts: LiCl, NaCl, KCl, RbCl, CsCl, MgCl₂, CaCl₂, SrCl₂, BaCl₂, LiF, NaF, KF, RbF, CsF, MgF₂, CaF₂, LiBr, NaBr, KBr, RbBr, CsBr, MgBr₂, LiI, NaI, KI, RbI, CsI, Li₂CO₃, Na₂CO₃, K₂CO₃, LiNO₃, NaNO₃, KNO₃, RbNO₃, CsNO₃, Li₂SO₄, Na₂SO₄, K₂SO₄, LiOH, NaOH, and KOH.

  In the solution FTsalt database new liquid solutions SALTN (Na, K // Cl, CO₃, SO₄, S₂O₇, CrO₄, Cr₂O₇, MoO₄, Mo₂O₇, O - diluted in oxides), SALTO (Na, K, Zn, Pb // Cl) and SALTP (Na, K, Hg, Hg₂ // Cl) have been added. In the case of SALTN, the model for the Na, K // Cl, CO₃, SO₄, S₂O₇ sub-system is identical to that in the FTpulp database. In addition seven new solid solutions have been introduced : one pyrosulfate solid solution (KPyr), one pyrosulfate/dichromate solid solution (Na₂S₂O₇), two dichromate/dimolybdate solid solutions (K₂Cr₂O₇ and Na₂Cr₂O₇), and three molybdate/chromate/sulfate solid solutions (K₂MoO₄(s₃), Na₂MoO₄(s₁) and Na₂MoO₄(s₂)). Several solid solutions have been extended : addition of the CrO₄[₂-] and MoO₄[₂-] anions to the solid solutions Dbeta-K₂SO₄, alpha-K₂SO₄, Glaserite, and Na₂SO₄-V; addition of the CO₃[₂-] and MoO₄[₂-] anions to the Na₂CrO₄ solid solution; and addition of the SO₄[₂-] anion to the solid solutions gamma-Na₂CO₃ and beta-Na₂CO₃.

  The SALTN (Na, K // Cl, CO₃, SO₄, S₂O₇, CrO₄, Cr₂O₇, MoO₄, Mo₂O₇, O - diluted in oxides) liquid solution is the only FTsalt molten salt solution containing A₂MO₄ and / or A₂M₂O₇ (with A = Na, K and M = Cr, Mo). The SALTO (Na, K, Zn, Pb // Cl) liquid solution is the only FTsalt molten salt solution containing both ZnCl₂ and PbCl₂. The SALTP (Na, K, Hg, Hg₂ // Cl) liquid solution is the only FTsalt molten salt solution containing HgCl₂.

The total number of stored FTsalt phase diagrams is now 419 (was 377 in 8.3). FTsalt 8.4 is included in the FACT 8.4 package of databases.

Complete details on FTsalt 8.4 including all the phase diagrams are given in Documentation in the FactSage Main Menu Window.

The FTmisc databases contain data for a variety of sulfides, alloys, etc. The databases includes dilute alloys of Fe-liquid, Pb-liquid, Sn-liquid, Cu-liquid, Cd-liquid, Te-liquid, Sb-liquid, Se-liquid, SeTe-liquid, SbPb-liquid and PbSb-liquid each with a limited number of components, valid over limited composition ranges

In FTmisc 8.3 the MAT₂ liquid sulfide/metal solution, and all solid solutions and stoichiometric compounds compatible was moved to the new FTsulf 8.3 database.

For the matte smelting system (S-Cu-Fe-Ni-Co-Pb-Zn-As), the remaining sulfide solid solutions and stoichiometric compounds are compatible with liquid matte [FTmisc-MATT]. This system has been superseded by the new FTsulf 8.3 database, which provides equally good or better results for most applications.

In FTmisc 8.4 the liquid steel solution FTmisc-FeLq has been updated:


New components Sr and Cs have been added, and the interaction parameter C-Ti has been changed.

Complete details on FTmisc 8.4 including all the phase diagrams are given in Documentation.

FTlite is designed for thermodynamic and phase equilibrium calculations involving Al alloys, Mg alloys and Ti alloys. It can also be used to perform calculations involving mixtures of Li-Na-KMg-Ca-Sr-Ba with several other elements.

FTlite 8.4 binary assessments full size

In FTlite 8.4 the changes are extensive.

A total of 1017 binary systems (was 992 in 8.3) have been evaluated, for most of them over the entire range of composition and for all stable phases.

Several binary systems were revised. A matrix of assessed binary systems is shown here for the major and minor alloying elements of Al-, Mg- and Ti-alloys.

Several dozens of ternary systems have been assessed, and important quaternary systems have also been evaluated.

FTlite 8.4 contains 324 solution phases (vs 317 in 8.3) and 2304 pure compounds (was 2145 in 8.3) with 2806 stoichiometric phases counting allotropic forms (2621 in 8.3).

The total number of stored FTlite phase diagrams is now 1077 (was 1045 in 8.3).

Complete details on FTlite 8.4 including all the phase diagrams are given in the updated Documentation in the FactSage Main Menu Window.

FScopp is designed for thermodynamic and phase equilibrium calculations involving Cu alloys.

In FScopp 8.4 a total of 685 binary systems (603 in 8.3) have been evaluated, for most of them over the entire range of composition and for all stable phases. A matrix of assessed binary systems is shown here for the major and minor alloying elements of Cu-alloys. In addition, several dozens of ternary systems have been assessed, and important quaternary systems have also been evaluated. The FScopp 8.4 database contains 330 solution phases (269 in 8.3) and 1471 pure compounds (1077 in 8.3) with 1891 stoichiometric phases (1442 in 8.3) counting allotropic forms. Complete details on FScopp 8.4 including all the phase diagrams are given in 'Documentation' in the FactSage Main Menu Window.

FScopp 8.4 binary assessments full size

FSlead is designed for thermodynamic and phase equilibrium calculations involving Pb alloys.

In FSlead 8.4 (27 elements) a total of 238 binary systems (235 in 8.3) have been evaluated, for most of them over the entire range of composition and for all stable phases. A matrix of assessed binary systems is shown here for the major and minor alloying elements of Pb-alloys. In addition, several dozens of ternary systems have been assessed, and important quaternary systems have also been evaluated. The FSlead 8.4 database contains 127 solution phases (125 in 8.3) and 434 pure compounds (415 in 8.3) with 641 stoichiometric phases (618 in 8.3) counting allotropic forms. Complete details on FSlead 8.4 including all the phase diagrams are given in 'Documentation' in the FactSage Main Menu Window.

FSlead 8.4 binary assessments full size

FSstel covers a wide range of commercial grade carbon steels and stainless steels, and new high advanced steels under development.

The FactSage 8.4 database contains 46 elements:

Al, B, Bi, C, Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, H, Hf, Mg, Mn, Mo, N, O, Nb, Ni, P, Pb, S, Sb, Si, Sn, Ta, Ti, V, W, Zn, Zr,
RE (Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu)

The FactSage FSstel steel database is based on relevant steel sub-systems from the old SGTE Solution database, but now incorporates updates of those systems as well as new published assessments. "Tramp elements" have also been included to allow calculations relating to recycling and removal of unwanted impurities to be performed.

FSstel contains 381 completely assessed 61 partially assessed binary alloy systems, together with approximately 168 ternary and 29 quaternary systems for which assessed parameters are available for phases of practical relevance. It contains 181 solution phases and 1015 stoichiometric compounds.

In FSstel the following systems have been added or updated.

(1) Updates

Update of Mu_phase and Sigma phase for binary and ternary systems Mu_phase and Sigma phase form extensive solid solutions in the Fe-Co-Cr-Mn-Mo-Nb-Ni-Ta system, which is important for high entropy alloys, and Ni- and Co-super alloy systems.

Mu_phase and Sigma phase in binary and ternary systems were updated for better description of phase diagrams.

In several ternary systems, FCC, BCC, liquid and other solutions were also updated simultaneously.

(a) Binary systems Co-Mo system: change of Mu_phase, Sigma phase, liquid phase Fe-Mo system: change of Mu_phase Co-Nb system: replacement of CONB_lambda phase with Laves_C15, and replacement of CONB_Mu phase with Mu_phase Nb-Ni system: replacement of Nb6Ni7 phase with Mu_phase Fe-Nb system: update of Mu_phase, Laves_C14, liquid phase Ni-Ta system: update of Mu_phase Fe-Ta system: update of Mu_phase (b) Ternary systems Co-Fe-Mo system: update of Mu_phase, Sigma, FCC, Liquid Fe-Mo-Ni system: update of Mu_phase Co-Mo-Ni system: update of Mu_phase Co-Cr-Mn system: update of Sigma, High_Sigma, Cub_A13, HCP Cr-Mn-Ni system: update of BCC, FCC, Liquid Co-Cr-Fe system: update of BCC Co-Fe-Mn system: update of CBCC Co-Cr-Ni system: update of Sigma, FCC, BCC, Liquid, P_phase Fe-Ni-Ta system: update of Mu_phase, Liquid, others. Co-Fe-Nb system: update of Mu_phase, Liquid Cr-Nb-Ni system: update of Mu_phase, Liquid Fe-Nb-Ni system: update Mu_phase, Liquid Co-Cr-Fe-Mn system: high-Sigma solution containing Co

full size

(2) Hydrogen containing systems (Hydrogen solubility in V-rich BCC phase)

Al-V-H, Co-V-H, Fe-V-H, and Ni-V-H systems

(3) FCC L12 and BCC B2 order phase

C, N and H are added to these ordered phases

(4) Minor updates:

Fe-P-X ternary system: update for Fe3P in Me3P solid solution
Cu-O system: update of oxygen solubility in liquid Cu Oxygen containing system: oxygen solubility in FCC and BCC solutions: change of the solubility limits of oxygen in the solid solutions (max. 10 mol %)
Ni-P-S system: addition of NiPS3 compound
Cr-Ni system: small modification of liquid phase
Co-Cr system: small modification of liquid phase
Cr-Ta system: small modification of liquid phase
Cr-Ti system: correction of Laves_C14 and C36 (remove C-TiCr2 phase and combine it to C14)


The total number of stored FSstel phase diagrams is now *** (was 352 in 8.3).

Complete details on FSstel 8.4 including all the phase diagrams are given in 'Documentation' in the FactSage Main Menu Window.

The SGTE(2024) database is new and represents a significant update and revision of the previous SGTE(2022) alloy database.

The 79 elements included in the database are

Ag, Al, Am, As, Au, B, Ba, Be, Bi, C, Ca, Cd, Ce, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Dy, Er, Eu, Fe, Ga, Gd, Ge, H, Hf, Hg, Ho, In, Ir, K, La, Li, Lu, Mg, Mn, Mo, N, Na, Nb, Nd, Ni, Np, O, Os, P, Pa, Pb, Pd, Pr, Pt, Pu, Rb, Re, Rh, Ru, S, Sb, Sc, Se, Si, Sm, Sn, Sr, Ta, Tb, Tc, Te, Th, Ti, Tl, Tm, U, V, W, Y, Yb, Zn, Zr

96 binary systems and 12 ternary system have been added, and updates have been applied to 19 binary systems. THe total number of phase diagrams is now 1363.

Complete details on SGTE(2024) with revised documentation and all the calculated phase diagrams are given in Documentation in the FactSage Main Menu.

SpMCBN contains assessed thermodynamic parameters for binary and ternary alloys of high-temperature materials containing carbon, nitrogen, boron, and silicon. The alloys comprise the following systems:
Me1-Me2-C, Me1-Me2-N, Me1-Me2-B, Me1-Me2-Si, Me-C-N, Me-C-B, Me-C-Si, Me-N-B, Me-N-Si, Me-B-Si, Me1-Me2-Me3

The elements included in SpMCBN are:

B, C, N, Si with

Al, Ca, Co, Cr, Fe, Hf, Mg, Mn, Mo, Nb, Ni, Re, Sc, Ta, Tc, Ti, V, W, Y, Zr

The SpMCBN database for FactSage 8.4 now includes nearly 100 new ternary systems. These relate to 33 systems with boron, 34 systems with carbon, 30 systems with nitrogen and 3 systems with silicon.

There are now 244 binaries and 712 ternaries that give a total of 956 phase diagrams stored in FactSage 8.4.

Complete details on SpMCBN 8.4 including all the phase diagrams are given in Documentation in the FactSage Main Menu.9

Screenshot showing the summary of public databases in FactSage 8.4.

FactPS, ELEM and SGPS are compounds-only (pure substances) databases. All the other databases contain both compound and solution data. FactPS, FToxid, FTsulf, FTsalt, FTmisc, FThall, FTOxCN, FTfrtz, FThelg, FTpulp, FTionx, ELEM and FTdemo are included in the FACT 8.4 package of databases. FTionx is a new FACT database and SGTE(2024) is a new SGTE database in FactSage 8.4. FTlite and FTnucl are special FACT databases that are leased separately. FactPS, FToxid, FTsalt, FTmisc, FTlite, FScopp, FSlead, FSstel and SpMCBN have been updated in FactSage 8.4. For detailed database information go to the FactSage Main Menu and click Documentation.